Biorefinery for tuna head wastes: Production of protein hydrolysates, high-quality oils, minerals and bacterial peptones

The canning industry plays a crucial role in the sector of marine foods, but produces several organic wastes and effluents with reduced economic value that must be upgraded to comply circular bioeconomy principles. Initially, we have searched best experimental conditions for hydrolysis upper lower halves from yellowfin tuna ( Thunnus albacares ) heads by four commercial proteases (alcalase, papain, protamex esperase). Then, optimal were corroborated at 5 L pH-Stat reactor producing fish oil, bones protein hydrolysates (FPH). Alcalase esperase applied on head options led largest volumes oils recovered, highest degrees hydrolysis, digestion yields concentrations FPH. Fish showed an excellent content omega-3 fatty acids, mainly highly valued docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). In case FPH, proportion human essential amino acids was higher than 40% average size interval 1400–1800 Da. Finally, these incorporated, as source material substitution peptones, two types bacterial culture media (marine Man-Rogosa-Sharpe, MRS). bioproductions bacteria assayed (two lactic probiotic bacteria) low-cost formulated generally similar or even found broths. whole results evidenced validity present proposal, aimed integral production valuable biocompounds, order contribute more sustainable industry. • Valorization by-products hydrolysates, minerals. Optimization proteolysis allows establishment reaction conditions. Oils are rich ?-3 respectively. Low cost appear suitable substitutes peptones. These biocompounds may sustainability